追記
コメントでご教示いただいた通り、とりあえず#include
C++の勉強がてら、XSでC++ライブラリのバインディングを作ってみようと思いました。しかし、超初歩的なところでつまづいてしまいました……。どうすればいいかさっぱりわからない＞＜。。。そこで偉いひとの降臨を待つことにしました。誰か教えてくれくれクンだお＞＜。。。
概要
MacOSX/Debian双方において、UncoというモジュールのためにUnco.xsを書いてるとして、下記のようにC++ライブラリのヘッダファイルを
#include <iostream>
とかしてincludeした途端、いろいろうまくいかなくなる。環境については、このエントリの下部に記載。
やったこと
準備する。
$ h2xs -An Unco
Makefile.PLを以下のように編集。
use 5.008008; use ExtUtils::MakeMaker; # See lib/ExtUtils/MakeMaker.pm for details of how to influence # the contents of the Makefile that is written. WriteMakefile( NAME => 'Unco', VERSION_FROM => 'lib/Unco.pm', # finds $VERSION PREREQ_PM => {}, # e.g., Module::Name => 1.1 ($] >= 5.005 ? ## Add these new keywords supported since 5.005 (ABSTRACT_FROM => 'lib/Unco.pm', # retrieve abstract from module AUTHOR => 'antipop <antipop@local>') : ()), LIBS => [''], # e.g., '-lm' DEFINE => '', # e.g., '-DHAVE_SOMETHING' INC => '-I.', # e.g., '-I. -I/usr/include/other' # Un-comment this if you add C files to link with later: # OBJECT => '$(O_FILES)', # link all the C files too CC => 'g++', # ここから3つが新たにつけくわえたもの LD => 'g++', XSOPT => '-C++', );
Unco.xsを編集する。
#ifdef __cplusplus extern "C" { #endif #include "EXTERN.h" #include "perl.h" #include "XSUB.h" #ifdef __cplusplus } #endif MODULE = Unco PACKAGE = Unco void hello() CODE: printf("Hello, Unco!!1\n");
ビルドして使ってみる。
$ perl Makefile.PL Writing Makefile for Unco $ make /opt/local/bin/perl /opt/local/lib/perl5/5.8.8/ExtUtils/xsubpp -C++ -typemap /opt/local/lib/perl5/5.8.8/ExtUtils/typemap Unco.xs > Unco.xsc && mv Unco.xsc Unco.c Please specify prototyping behavior for Unco.xs (see perlxs manual) g++ -c -I. -I/opt/local/include -fno-common -DPERL_DARWIN -no-cpp-precomp -fno-strict-aliasing -pipe -Wdeclaration-after-statement -I/usr/local/include -I/opt/local/include -O3 -DVERSION=\"0.01\" -DXS_VERSION=\"0.01\" "-I/opt/local/lib/perl5/5.8.8/darwin-thread-multi-2level/CORE" Unco.c cc1plus: warning: command line option "-Wdeclaration-after-statement" is valid for C/ObjC but not for C++ Running Mkbootstrap for Unco () chmod 644 Unco.bs rm -f blib/arch/auto/Unco/Unco.bundle g++ -L/opt/local/lib -bundle -undefined dynamic_lookup -L/usr/local/lib Unco.o -o blib/arch/auto/Unco/Unco.bundle \ \ chmod 755 blib/arch/auto/Unco/Unco.bundle cp Unco.bs blib/arch/auto/Unco/Unco.bs chmod 644 blib/arch/auto/Unco/Unco.bs Manifying blib/man3/Unco.3 $ perl -Ilib -MExtUtils::testlib -MUnco -e 'Unco::hello()' Hello, Unco!!1
ここまではうまく行くのだけど、Unco.xsで以下のようにC++ライブラリをincludeした途端、ダメになる。
#ifdef __cplusplus extern "C" { #endif #include "EXTERN.h" #include "perl.h" #include "XSUB.h" #ifdef __cplusplus } #endif #include <iostream> MODULE = Unco PACKAGE = Unco void hello() CODE: printf("Hello, Unco!!1\n");
MacOSXの場合。
$ perl Makefile.PL Writing Makefile for Unco $ make /opt/local/bin/perl /opt/local/lib/perl5/5.8.8/ExtUtils/xsubpp -C++ -typemap /opt/local/lib/perl5/5.8.8/ExtUtils/typemap Unco.xs > Unco.xsc && mv Unco.xsc Unco.c Please specify prototyping behavior for Unco.xs (see perlxs manual) g++ -c -I. -I/opt/local/include -fno-common -DPERL_DARWIN -no-cpp-precomp -fno-strict-aliasing -pipe -Wdeclaration-after-statement -I/usr/local/include -I/opt/local/include -O3 -DVERSION=\"0.01\" -DXS_VERSION=\"0.01\" "-I/opt/local/lib/perl5/5.8.8/darwin-thread-multi-2level/CORE" Unco.c cc1plus: warning: command line option "-Wdeclaration-after-statement" is valid for C/ObjC but not for C++ In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.0.0/bits/basic_ios.h:44, from /usr/include/c++/4.0.0/ios:50, from /usr/include/c++/4.0.0/ostream:44, from /usr/include/c++/4.0.0/iostream:44, from Unco.xs:13: /usr/include/c++/4.0.0/bits/locale_facets.h:4314:40: error: macro "do_open" requires 7 arguments, but only 2 given /usr/include/c++/4.0.0/bits/locale_facets.h:4361:34: error: macro "do_close" requires 2 arguments, but only 1 given /usr/include/c++/4.0.0/bits/locale_facets.h:4380:55: error: macro "do_open" requires 7 arguments, but only 2 given /usr/include/c++/4.0.0/bits/locale_facets.h:4407:23: error: macro "do_close" requires 2 arguments, but only 1 given In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.0.0/bits/locale_facets.h:4491, from /usr/include/c++/4.0.0/bits/basic_ios.h:44, from /usr/include/c++/4.0.0/ios:50, from /usr/include/c++/4.0.0/ostream:44, from /usr/include/c++/4.0.0/iostream:44, from Unco.xs:13: /usr/include/c++/4.0.0/i686-apple-darwin9/bits/messages_members.h:51:38: error: macro "do_open" requires 7 arguments, but only 2 given /usr/include/c++/4.0.0/i686-apple-darwin9/bits/messages_members.h:60:71: error: macro "do_open" requires 7 arguments, but only 2 given /usr/include/c++/4.0.0/i686-apple-darwin9/bits/messages_members.h:71:39: error: macro "do_close" requires 2 arguments, but only 1 given /usr/include/c++/4.0.0/bits/locale_facets.h:4380: error: ‘do_open’ declared as a ‘virtual’ field /usr/include/c++/4.0.0/bits/locale_facets.h:4380: error: expected ‘;’ before ‘const’ /usr/include/c++/4.0.0/bits/locale_facets.h:4407: error: variable or field ‘do_close’ declared void /usr/include/c++/4.0.0/bits/locale_facets.h:4407: error: ‘do_close’ declared as a ‘virtual’ field /usr/include/c++/4.0.0/bits/locale_facets.h:4407: error: expected ‘;’ before ‘const’ /usr/include/c++/4.0.0/i686-apple-darwin9/bits/messages_members.h:60: error: expected initializer before ‘const’ /usr/include/c++/4.0.0/i686-apple-darwin9/bits/messages_members.h:71: error: expected initializer before ‘const’ make: *** [Unco.o] Error 1
Debianの場合。
$ perl Makefile.PL Checking if your kit is complete... Looks good Writing Makefile for Unco ~/tmp/Unco $ make cp lib/Unco.pm blib/lib/Unco.pm /usr/bin/perl /home/kentaro/local/lib/perl5/5.8.8/ExtUtils/xsubpp -C++ -typemap /usr/share/perl/5.8/ExtUtils/typemap Unco.xs > Unco.xsc && mv Unco.xsc Unco.c Please specify prototyping behavior for Unco.xs (see perlxs manual) g++ -c -I. -D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE -DTHREADS_HAVE_PIDS -DDEBIAN -fno-strict-aliasing -pipe -I/usr/local/include -D_LARGEFILE_SOURCE -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64 -O2 -DVERSION=\"0.01\" -DXS_VERSION=\"0.01\" -fPIC "-I/usr/lib/perl/5.8/CORE" Unco.c In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.2/bits/basic_ios.h:44, from /usr/include/c++/4.2/ios:50, from /usr/include/c++/4.2/ostream:45, from /usr/include/c++/4.2/iostream:45, from Unco.xs:13: /usr/include/c++/4.2/bits/locale_facets.h:4420:40: error: macro "do_open" requires 7 arguments, but only 2 given /usr/include/c++/4.2/bits/locale_facets.h:4467:34: error: macro "do_close" requires 2 arguments, but only 1 given /usr/include/c++/4.2/bits/locale_facets.h:4486:55: error: macro "do_open" requires 7 arguments, but only 2 given /usr/include/c++/4.2/bits/locale_facets.h:4513:23: error: macro "do_close" requires 2 arguments, but only 1 given In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.2/bits/locale_facets.h:4599, from /usr/include/c++/4.2/bits/basic_ios.h:44, from /usr/include/c++/4.2/ios:50, from /usr/include/c++/4.2/ostream:45, from /usr/include/c++/4.2/iostream:45, from Unco.xs:13: /usr/include/c++/4.2/i486-linux-gnu/bits/messages_members.h:70:38: error: macro "do_open" requires 7 arguments, but only 2 given /usr/include/c++/4.2/i486-linux-gnu/bits/messages_members.h:85:23: error: macro "do_open" requires 7 arguments, but only 2 given /usr/include/c++/4.2/i486-linux-gnu/bits/messages_members.h:95:39: error: macro "do_close" requires 2 arguments, but only 1 given In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.2/bits/basic_ios.h:44, from /usr/include/c++/4.2/ios:50, from /usr/include/c++/4.2/ostream:45, from /usr/include/c++/4.2/iostream:45, from Unco.xs:13: /usr/include/c++/4.2/bits/locale_facets.h:4486: error: ‘do_open’ declared as a ‘virtual’ field /usr/include/c++/4.2/bits/locale_facets.h:4486: error: expected ‘;’ before ‘const’ /usr/include/c++/4.2/bits/locale_facets.h:4513: error: variable or field ‘do_close’ declared void /usr/include/c++/4.2/bits/locale_facets.h:4513: error: expected ‘;’ before ‘const’ In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.2/bits/locale_facets.h:4599, from /usr/include/c++/4.2/bits/basic_ios.h:44, from /usr/include/c++/4.2/ios:50, from /usr/include/c++/4.2/ostream:45, from /usr/include/c++/4.2/iostream:45, from Unco.xs:13: /usr/include/c++/4.2/i486-linux-gnu/bits/messages_members.h:84: error: expected initializer before ‘const’ /usr/include/c++/4.2/i486-linux-gnu/bits/messages_members.h:95: error: expected initializer before ‘const’ Unco.c: In function ‘void boot_Unco(PerlInterpreter*, CV*)’: Unco.c:60: warning: deprecated conversion from string constant to ‘char*’ Unco.c:66: warning: deprecated conversion from string constant to ‘char*’ make: *** [Unco.o] エラー 1
MacOSXの環境
$ perl -V Summary of my perl5 (revision 5 version 8 subversion 8) configuration: Platform: osname=darwin, osvers=9.3.0, archname=darwin-thread-multi-2level uname='darwin kaho.local 9.3.0 darwin kernel version 9.3.0: fri may 23 00:49:16 pdt 2008; root:xnu-1228.5.18~1release_i386 i386 ' config_args='-Dusethreads -Duseshrplib -des -Dprefix=/opt/local -Dccflags=-I'/opt/local/include' -Dldflags=-L/opt/local/lib -Dvendorprefix=/opt/local' hint=recommended, useposix=true, d_sigaction=define usethreads=define use5005threads=undef useithreads=define usemultiplicity=define useperlio=define d_sfio=undef uselargefiles=define usesocks=undef use64bitint=undef use64bitall=undef uselongdouble=undef usemymalloc=n, bincompat5005=undef Compiler: cc='cc', ccflags ='-I/opt/local/include -fno-common -DPERL_DARWIN -no-cpp-precomp -fno-strict-aliasing -pipe -Wdeclaration-after-statement -I/usr/local/include -I/opt/local/include', optimize='-O3', cppflags='-no-cpp-precomp -I/opt/local/include -fno-common -DPERL_DARWIN -no-cpp-precomp -fno-strict-aliasing -pipe -Wdeclaration-after-statement -I/usr/local/include -I/opt/local/include' ccversion='', gccversion='4.0.1 (Apple Inc. build 5465)', gccosandvers='' intsize=4, longsize=4, ptrsize=4, doublesize=8, byteorder=1234 d_longlong=define, longlongsize=8, d_longdbl=define, longdblsize=16 ivtype='long', ivsize=4, nvtype='double', nvsize=8, Off_t='off_t', lseeksize=8 alignbytes=8, prototype=define Linker and Libraries: ld='env MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET=10.3 cc', ldflags ='-L/opt/local/lib -L/usr/local/lib' libpth=/usr/local/lib /opt/local/lib /usr/lib libs=-ldbm -ldl -lm -lutil -lc perllibs=-ldl -lm -lutil -lc libc=/usr/lib/libc.dylib, so=dylib, useshrplib=true, libperl=libperl.dylib gnulibc_version='' Dynamic Linking: dlsrc=dl_dlopen.xs, dlext=bundle, d_dlsymun=undef, ccdlflags=' ' cccdlflags=' ', lddlflags='-L/opt/local/lib -bundle -undefined dynamic_lookup -L/usr/local/lib' Characteristics of this binary (from libperl): Compile-time options: MULTIPLICITY PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT PERL_MALLOC_WRAP USE_ITHREADS USE_LARGE_FILES USE_PERLIO USE_REENTRANT_API Built under darwin Compiled at Jun 16 2008 14:32:33 %ENV: PERL5LIB="/Users/antipop/local/lib/perl5/5.8.8:/Users/antipop/local/lib/perl/5.8.8:/Users/antipop/local/share/perl/5.8.8:/Users/antipop/local/lib/perl5:/Users/antipop/dev/mylib/perl" PERL5_CPANPLUS_CONFIG="/Users/antipop/.cpanplus/config" @INC: /Users/antipop/local/lib/perl5/5.8.8 /Users/antipop/local/lib/perl/5.8.8 /Users/antipop/local/share/perl/5.8.8 /Users/antipop/local/lib/perl5 /Users/antipop/dev/mylib/perl /opt/local/lib/perl5/5.8.8/darwin-thread-multi-2level /opt/local/lib/perl5/5.8.8 /opt/local/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.8/darwin-thread-multi-2level /opt/local/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.8 /opt/local/lib/perl5/site_perl /opt/local/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.8/darwin-thread-multi-2level /opt/local/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.8 /opt/local/lib/perl5/vendor_perl . $ g++ --version i686-apple-darwin9-g++-4.0.1 (GCC) 4.0.1 (Apple Inc. build 5484) Copyright (C) 2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc. This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Debianの環境
$ perl -V Summary of my perl5 (revision 5 version 8 subversion 8) configuration: Platform: osname=linux, osvers=2.6.22-3-amd64, archname=i486-linux-gnu-thread-multi uname='linux deneb 2.6.22-3-amd64 #1 smp thu oct 11 15:23:23 utc 2007 i686 gnulinux ' config_args='-Dusethreads -Duselargefiles -Dccflags=-DDEBIAN -Dcccdlflags=-fPIC -Darchname=i486-linux-gnu -Dprefix=/usr -Dprivlib=/usr/share/perl/5.8 -Darchlib=/usr/lib/perl/5.8 -Dvendorprefix=/usr -Dvendorlib=/usr/share/perl5 -Dvendorarch=/usr/lib/perl5 -Dsiteprefix=/usr/local -Dsitelib=/usr/local/share/perl/5.8.8 -Dsitearch=/usr/local/lib/perl/5.8.8 -Dman1dir=/usr/share/man/man1 -Dman3dir=/usr/share/man/man3 -Dsiteman1dir=/usr/local/man/man1 -Dsiteman3dir=/usr/local/man/man3 -Dman1ext=1 -Dman3ext=3perl -Dpager=/usr/bin/sensible-pager -Uafs -Ud_csh -Uusesfio -Uusenm -Duseshrplib -Dlibperl=libperl.so.5.8.8 -Dd_dosuid -des' hint=recommended, useposix=true, d_sigaction=define usethreads=define use5005threads=undef useithreads=define usemultiplicity=define useperlio=define d_sfio=undef uselargefiles=define usesocks=undef use64bitint=undef use64bitall=undef uselongdouble=undef usemymalloc=n, bincompat5005=undef Compiler: cc='cc', ccflags ='-D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE -DTHREADS_HAVE_PIDS -DDEBIAN -fno-strict-aliasing -pipe -I/usr/local/include -D_LARGEFILE_SOURCE -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64', optimize='-O2', cppflags='-D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE -DTHREADS_HAVE_PIDS -DDEBIAN -fno-strict-aliasing -pipe -I/usr/local/include' ccversion='', gccversion='4.1.2 20061115 (prerelease) (Debian 4.1.1-21)', gccosandvers='' intsize=4, longsize=4, ptrsize=4, doublesize=8, byteorder=1234 d_longlong=define, longlongsize=8, d_longdbl=define, longdblsize=12 ivtype='long', ivsize=4, nvtype='double', nvsize=8, Off_t='off_t', lseeksize=8 alignbytes=4, prototype=define Linker and Libraries: ld='cc', ldflags =' -L/usr/local/lib' libpth=/usr/local/lib /lib /usr/lib libs=-lgdbm -lgdbm_compat -ldb -ldl -lm -lpthread -lc -lcrypt perllibs=-ldl -lm -lpthread -lc -lcrypt libc=/lib/libc-2.3.6.so, so=so, useshrplib=true, libperl=libperl.so.5.8.8 gnulibc_version='2.3.6' Dynamic Linking: dlsrc=dl_dlopen.xs, dlext=so, d_dlsymun=undef, ccdlflags='-Wl,-E' cccdlflags='-fPIC', lddlflags='-shared -L/usr/local/lib' Characteristics of this binary (from libperl): Compile-time options: MULTIPLICITY PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT PERL_MALLOC_WRAP THREADS_HAVE_PIDS USE_ITHREADS USE_LARGE_FILES USE_PERLIO USE_REENTRANT_API Built under linux Compiled at Nov 5 2007 06:11:48 %ENV: PERL5LIB="/home/kentaro/local/lib/perl5/5.8.8:/home/kentaro/local/lib/perl/5.8.8:/home/kentaro/local/share/perl/5.8.8:/home/kentaro/local/lib/perl5:/home/kentaro/dev/mylib/perl" PERL5_CPANPLUS_CONFIG="/home/kentaro/.cpanplus/config" @INC: /home/kentaro/local/lib/perl5/5.8.8/i486-linux-gnu-thread-multi /home/kentaro/local/lib/perl5/5.8.8 /home/kentaro/local/lib/perl/5.8.8 /home/kentaro/local/share/perl/5.8.8 /home/kentaro/local/lib/perl5/5.8.8/i486-linux-gnu-thread-multi /home/kentaro/local/lib/perl5/5.8.8 /home/kentaro/local/lib/perl5/i486-linux-gnu-thread-multi /home/kentaro/local/lib/perl5 /home/kentaro/dev/mylib/perl /etc/perl /usr/local/lib/perl/5.8.8 /usr/local/share/perl/5.8.8 /usr/lib/perl5 /usr/share/perl5 /usr/lib/perl/5.8 /usr/share/perl/5.8 /usr/local/lib/site_perl . $ g++ --version g++ (GCC) 4.2.3 (Debian 4.2.3-5) Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
4 comments
時間なくてためしてみたわけじゃないので、勘ですが、#include <iostream> を一番先頭にもってきたらなおるかも。
perl のマクロでぶっこわれてるかもしれません
一番先頭に持ってってみたところ、エラーなくmakeできました!!1ありがとうございます!!1
しかし、他のC++なXSモジュールを見ると特にそのようなことをしているわけでもないし、うちの環境がなんかおかしいのかなあ……。
多分ですが、Perl の h ファイルの embed.h の中で do_open と do_close が define されてるのが原因のように感じます。
何をやられてるのは寡聞ながらわかりませんが、おそらく問題のソースから最終的に embed.h も include されるようになっていて、そちらが iostream が要求している定義と合わずにエラーになっているように見えます。ですので iostream を先頭に持っていくと iostream からの定義の方が先に include されて直る、というのは納得が行きます。
最終的にどうすればよいのかまでちょっとわかりませんが。。。あんまり役に立ちませんね。。。
既に解決しているようですが、一番確実な方法は .xs は C で記述し、C++ のソースファイルは別に作成することだと思います。.xs と C++ 間の連携については、C (not C++) なヘッダファイルを準備し、それを双方からインクルードするようにします。そうすることで、プリプロセッサやコンパイルオプションの影響を抑えることができます。